It may have seemed a little bold for ABBA to release a Greatest Hits in March 1976. However, their label Polar decided to do so due to the many cash-in compilations labels scattered around the globe were releasing in an attempt to cash-in on the fact that they were becoming huge. And with two UK number 1 singles to their name and plenty of hits elsewhere featured, it proved a wise move. It became their first number 1 album on these shores.
As well as a mix of their early hits and lesser-known tracks in the UK, there was a new song, released as a single. Although it wasn’t strictly speaking, ‘new’. Fernando had first featured on band member Anni-Frid Lyngstad’s debut solo LP Frida ensam in 1975. Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus had originally called it Tango but at the last minute they renamed it Fernando after a bartender working at a club in Stockholm, Sweden, allegedly.
This Swedish version had lyrics penned by ABBA’s manager Stig Anderson and Lyngstad is singing to a heartbroken Fernando, attempting to console him after he has lost the love of his life. The chorus translated as:
‘Long live love, our best friend, Fernando. Raise your glass and propose a toast to it; to love, Fernando. Play the melody and sing a song of happiness. Long live love, Fernando’
When it came to ABBA recording the song, Ulvaeus decided to take a different tack. He was lying outside one summer night and gazing at the stars when he hit upon a brainwave. Fernando became about two old freedom fighters who fought in the Texas Revolution of 1836, who reminisced about days of old one night in Mexico.
Fernando is one of ABBA’s best-known and biggest-selling singles, but it’s my least favourite of their number 1s. I find it leaden and overwrought and I’m not really interested in hearing about what two 19th-century soldiers have to say. Give me their relationship drama and we’ve something to work with. It also suffers coming straight after Save Your Kisses For Me, which meant 10 weeks of tedium at number 1 on repeats of Top of the Pops and again, it makes me relieved I wasn’t a pop fan in 1976. Having said all this, I’d be a liar if I didn’t say the chorus was very memorable.
ABBA starred in a memorable, suitably dramatic video for Fernando, sat around a campfire looking very serious and gazing into each other’s eyes, as you can see above. ABBA made lots of videos – I’m not sure if they ever actually promoted on Top of the Pops in person? As well as a month as UK number 1, Fernando topped the charts across the globe. It became the longest-running number 1 in Australian history (14 weeks) for more than 40 years until Ed Sheeran’s Shape of You went one better in 2017.
ABBA made a Spanish-language album, Gracias Por La Música, in 1980 and Fernando was a natural choice for an LP aimed at Latin American countries.
So, ABBA had scored two number 1s before we even reach the half-way mark of 1976, and the best was yet to come.
Written by: Benny Andersson, Stig Anderson & Björn Ulvaeus
Producers: Benny Andersson & Björn Ulvaeus
Weeks at number 1: 4 (8 May-4 June)
Births:
Steps singer Ian ‘H’ Watkins – 8 May Actress Martine McCutcheon – 14 May
Deaths:
Yardbirds singer Keith Relf – 14 May
Meanwhile…
9 May: 20-year-old prostitute Marcella Claxton is badly injured in a hammer attack in Leeds.
10 May: Following months of rumours of his involvement in a plot to murder his ex-lover Norman Scott, Jeremy Thorpe resigns as leader of the Liberal Party.
19 May: Liverpool win the UEFA Cup for the second time by completing a 4-3 aggregate win over Belgian side Club Brugge KV at the Olympiastadion in Brugge.
27 May: Harold Wilson’s Resignation Honours List is published. It becomes known satirically as the ‘Lavender List’ due to the number of wealthy businessmen awarded honours.
1 June: UK and Iceland end the third and final Cod War. The UK abandoned the ‘open seas’ international fisheries policy it had previously promoted.
My, my – 70s record buyers really were partial to cheese, weren’t they? In the week a new band called the Sex Pistols performed at the 100 Club for the first time, family-friendly pop quartet Brotherhood of Man started a six-week stint at number 1 with Save Your Kisses for Me, which not only became the biggest seller of the year, it also won the Eurovision Song Contest.
Brotherhood of Man originally sprung from the mind of songwriter and producer Tony Hiller. Formed in 1969, he intended on a revolving door of session singers and the first line-up featured Tony Burrows (later the singer on Edison Lighthouse’s Love Grows (Where My Rosemary Goes)), John Goodison (who also wrote early material for Brotherhood of Man), Roger Greenaway (later the co-writer of The New Seekers’ I’d Like to Teach the World to Sing (In Perfect Harmony)) and Sue Glover and Sunny Lee. As Sue and Sunny they were backing singers on Joe Cocker’s version of With a Little Help from My Friends.
Debut single Love One Another didn’t dent the charts but United We Stand (written by Goodison and Hiller) was a number 10 smash in 1970. Burrows left soon after and Where Are You Going to My Love, which peaked at 22, was their last hit in six years. Goodison left in early 1971 and was replaced by US singer Hal Atkinson, then Greenaway followed soon after and was replaced by Russell Stone. They split when their record label Deram dropped them in 1972.
Undeterred, Hiller decided to install another line-up. He opted for Martin Lee, Nicky Stevens and Lee Sheriden. Lee and Sheriden were already writers for Hiller but displayed singing abilities, and Stevens was a session singer and had been searching for solo stardom. Their first single was scheduled for the end of the year but when they found out David Cassidy was releasing his version, it was pulled. First two singles Happy Ever After and Our World of Love bombed in 1973. Soon after Sandra Stevens joined Brotherhood of Man. She had been a big-band singer and performed with Eve Graham of The New Seekers in the group The Nocturnes.
They signed to Pye offshoot Dawn and their first single for them, When Love Catches Up on You in 1974, didn’t chart. Bar some European success with Lady the same year and Kiss Me Kiss Your Baby in 1975, this incarnation of the group looked to be going the same way as the first. Hiller wanted to harness and maintain that success abroad and bring it on home, so entering the Eurovision Song Contest was the perfect solution.
Save Your Kisses for Me had been written by Sheriden back in 1974 originally. When presented to the others, they found the title a little clumsy and it was changed to Oceans of Love. Sheriden wasn’t best pleased and it was shelved but when it came to recording the album Love and Kisses from Brotherhood of Man, they needed one more track. Come recording day it was decided it would work better if Lee sang lead instead.
Save Your Kisses for Me draws up immediate comparisons with Dawn’s Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree. Lightweight, slushy and catchy as hell. I prefer the former, if I had to pick, because the chorus really gets under my skin. It’s impossible to hear without the image of the foursome standing in line doing that ridiculous dance, hands on waists, raising their feet. It’s certainly noTiger Feet.
And then of course there’s the twist in the lyric, which makes any enjoyment of this song even more of a guilty pleasure. Throughout you’re given the impression Lee is splitting up with someone, and seemingly couldn’t give a fuck as he’s happy as can be. But then at the end, the killer blow, right after the final chorus: ‘Won’t you save them for me/Even though you’re only three.’ What?! Wait, don’t panic. Though it’s easy, considering the decade, to take a cheap shot and imagine Lee is yet another 70s pop star paedophile, he’s talking about his child! Very sweet – but way too sickly. The way it wraps up is horrible, and reminds me of Gilbert O’Sullivan’s Clair. Seeing it at number 1 week after week on repeats of Top of the Pops was bad enough, so I consider myself lucky I wasn’t around at the time.
Save Your Kisses for Me went to number 1 a fortnight before Eurovision. Brotherhood of Man were first up on that fateful night, 3 April at The Hague in the Netherlands. I was going to make a jokey link about the fact it’s where war crimes are judged so it seems appropriate but it doesn’t quite work. To say it went well is an understatement. According to John Kennedy O’Connor’s The Eurovision Song Contest – The Official History, it is the biggest selling single for a winning entry in the contest’s history. It also holds the record for the highest relative score under the voting system introduced in 1975 (which has been used in every contest since), with an average of 9.65 points per jury. Mindboggling.
Brotherhood of Man would return to number one a year later with, ironically, a complete rip-off of the song that would finally topple Save Your Kisses For Me.
Written by: Tony Hiller, Lee Sheriden & Martin Lee
Producer: Tony Hiller
Conducted by: Lee Sheriden
Weeks at number 1: 6 (27 March-7 May) *BEST-SELLING SINGLE OF THE YEAR*
Births:
Actress Clare Buckfield – 10 April Olympic rower Steve Williams – 15 April Actor Sean Maguire – 18 April
Deaths:
Novelist Colin MacInnnes – 22 April Comedian Sid James – 26 April (see below) Novelist Richard Hughes – 28 April Writer Alison Uttley – 7 May
Meanwhile…
5 April: Labour MPs voted Foreign Secretary James Callaghan as their new leader and the Prime Minister. He defeated Roy Jenkins and Michael Foot in the leadership contest. Callaghan had been endorsed by outgoing leader Harold Wilson.
9 April: Young Liberals president Peter Hain is cleared of stealing £490 from a branch of Barclays Bank.
26 April: Much-loved comedy actor and Carry On actor Sid James dies of a heart attack on stage at the Sunderland Empire Theatre while performing in The Mating Season. Many in the audience initially mistake it as being part of the show.
1 May: Second division team Southampton FC win their first major trophy in their 91-year history when a goal from Bobby Stokes gives them a surprise 1–0 win over Manchester United in the FA Cup final at Wembley Stadium.
4 May: Liverpool FC win the Football League title for the ninth time with a 3–1 away win over relegated Wolverhampton Wanderers.
6 May: Local council elections produce disappointing results for the Labour Party, who win 15 seats and lose 829, compared to the Conservatives who win 1,044 new seats and lose 22. This setback comes despite the party enjoying a narrow lead in the opinion polls under new leader Callaghan.
The Four Seasons are one of the the US’s most influential doo-wop and pop groups, and along with The Beach Boys, the only ones to enjoy chart success before, during and after the British Invasion of the 60s. Those Jersey boys had five number 1s in the US (plus two solo singles by Frankie Valli), but the nostalgic December 1963 (Oh, What a Night) was the only one to top the UK charts.
The Four Seasons began in Newark, New Jersey with Valli, their most famous member. In 1954, the singer joined forces with guitarist Tommy DeVito and formed The Variatones. For the next two years the group performed under a variety of names before settling on The Four Lovers. In 1956 they released their first single, You’re the Apple of My Eye, and many more followed over the next few years, but to no success.
1959 was an important year in the group’s development. They started working with producer and songwriter Bob Crewe and Bob Gaudio joined the line-up. The following year, The Four Lovers failed an audition at bowling establishment The Four Seasons but according to Gaudio they decided something good must come out of the failure, so they named themselves after the venue and on a handshake agreement between Gaudio and Valli, the Four Seasons Partnership was formed. The original line-up had Valli as lead singer, Gaudio on vocals, guitar and keyboards, DeVito on vocals and guitar and Nick Massi on vocals and bass. They spent much of 1961 recording for artists on Crewe’s labels Topix and Perri.
The Four Seasons’ debut single Bermuda/Spanish Lace got nowhere but all would change with the follow-up, Sherry. Released in 1962 on Vee-Jay Records, it became their first US number 1, went to eight in the UK, and is considered an early-60s classic. The hits came thick and fast,most notably Big Girls Don’t Cry in 1962 and Walk Like a Man in 1963 also becoming US number 1s.
Following a dispute with Vee-Jay, which was also mired in a dispute with The Beatles and Capitol Records, they jumped ship to Philips in 1964. The hits continued, including number 1s Rag Doll/Silence Is Golden the latter a UK number 1 for The Tremoloes in 1967. Massi left in 1965 and after their arranger and former Four Lovers member Charles Calello stood in briefly, to be replaced by Joe Long. They recorded under several guises over the next few years – as The Valli Boys and The Wonder Who?, and Valli continued to release solo records. His version of The Sun Ain’t Gonna Shine Anymore, later a UK number 1 for The Walker Brothers, tanked in 1965, but Can’t Take My Eyes off You was a US number two in 1967. However there was a noticeable decline in sales in the late-60s. Considering how unfashionable doo-
wop had become, it’s a wonder they could even still enter the charts. But their version of Will You Love Me Tomorrow was their last top 40 US hit for seven years. In a bid to become relevant they recorded a concept album, covering social issues rather than their usual collection of love songs. The Genuine Imitation Life Gazette, released in 1969, performed badly, and The Four Seasons left Philips soon after.
In 1972 The Four Seasons released their first and only album on Motown. Chameleon failed to sell, although one single from it, The Night, credited to Frankie Valli & The Four Seasons, became a favourite among the Northern Soul scene in the UK and was re-released in 1975, charting at seven. Long left, replaced by Don Ciccone and Gerry Polci took up the drumkit. John Paiva joined as lead guitarist in 1973.
Valli had been forced to sing less as a result of hearing loss, so these new members took the brunt of the singing until he had surgery. Meanwhile, Valli went to return to number 1 in the US, when he bought the master recordings for My Eyes Adored You from Motown and took them to Private Stock Records. This single helped the band get signed to Warner Bros. Records.
Who Loves You (a reference to Kojak?) was their first album with the new line-up and it completely turned around their fortunes. They wisely added a disco sound just as the genre was exploding in the US, and perhaps their fans from 10 years previous were ready to relive their youth. Its title track went to three in the US and six in the UK and December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night) came out next.
Originally, this track was called December 5, 1933 with co-writer Gaudio celebrating the repeal of Prohibition, but his future wife and lyricist Judy Parker agreed with Valli that it wasn’t quite right. Parker suggested it should be about the courtship between her and Gaudio. It ended up being a man having a nostalgic look back at losing his virginity.
Were you not to pay close attention to the lyrics, you’d possibly not realise this. I’ll admit I thought it was about a first kiss, or just a date. That’s partly down to the sweetness of the melody and the production, which is slick and drips of innocence and young love and of course those famous Four Seasons vocals only add to that feel. This sole UK number 1 doesn’t actually feature Valli very much. He’s only singing backing vocals and the bridge. Polci is on lead, making this a rare number 1 to feature a singing drummer. And that’s Ciccone describing the orgasm (‘And I felt a rush like a rolling ball of thunder/Spinning my head around and taking my body under’). Belying the innocence are lyrics like ‘you know I didn’t even know her name’ – was she a prostitute?! And ‘Oh my, as I recall it ended much too soon’. TMI, guys.
Knowing how risque this actually is has improved my opinion of it, and like I said, it’s really well-produced. I like the phasing on Valli’s parts – was that done to mask how much is singing prowess had dropped at the time? Whatever the reason, I’m a sucker for 70s noises like this and Shapiro’s keyboards. What I’m not too keen on is the trademark Valli falsetto lead sound of their earlier material – it sets my teeth on edge, so I welcome the difference here. Although Valli is responsible for one of my favourite movie themes – Grease (1978). Brilliant and so cool.
The combination of that disco sound and heavy dose of nostalgia for halcyon days made December, 1963 (Oh, What a Night) a smash, and two more from the album, Fallen Angel and Silver Star, went to 11 and three respectively that year. But this return to peak form wasn’t to last. With the exception of Grease, neither the group or Valli troubled the top 30 in either the US or UK again.
The line-up has fluctuated ever since, the only constants being Valli and Gaudio (who is permanently behind the scenes), but they have remained a big draw through their live shows. In 1984 they collaborated with The Beach Boys on the LP East Meets West but it was a surprising flop. Dutch DJ and producer Ben Liebrand updated their number 1 for the 80s dancefloors, but December, 1963 (1988) didn’t trouble the charts. In 1992 the last Four Seasons album to date, Hope + Glory, was released. Valli has occasionally appeared on TV as an actor, most notably in The Sopranos.
Then in 2005 the hugely successful jukebox musical Jersey Boys, chronicling the career of The Four Seasons, brought the band back in the public eye and has toured ever since. A film adaptation produced and directed by Clint Eastwood followed in 2014.
Of the original line-up, Massi died of cancer in 2000 and DeVito of COVID-19 in 2020.
December, 1963, renamed Oh What a Night, was also a hit for British dance act Clock in 1996, where it peaked at 13.
Written by: Bob Gaudio & Judy Parker
Producer: Bob Gaudio
Horns arranged by: Lee Shapiro
Weeks at number 1: 2 (21 February-5 March)
Deaths:
Artist LS Lowry – 23 February
Meanwhile…
2 March: Brent Cross Shopping Centre opens in London.
4 March: The Maguire Seven are found guilty of the offence of possessing explosives used in the Guilford pub bombings of 1974 and subsequently wrongly convicted for 14 years. The decision was reversed in 1991. On the same day, the Northern Ireland Constitional Convention was formally dissolved in Northern Ireland, resulting in direct rule from London via the British parliament.
Here is surely one of the strangest and most obscure number 1s of the 70s, perhaps of all time. Before his solo career, before Band Aid, before Ultravox, Midge Ure was in a group called Slik, who briefly lorded it over the charts with a bizarre mix of Gothic horror and Bay City Rollers-style pop.
Slik started out as Glasgow-based heavy-rock band Salvation in 1970. The original line-up featured the McGinlay brothers, Kevin and Jim, Nod Kerr, Mario Tortolano, and Ian Kenny. The line-up changed several times but stabilised in 1972 with Kevin on vocals, Jim on bass, Kenny Hyslop on drums, Billy McIsaac on keyboards and Jim Ure on guitar. In a bid to avoid the confusion of having two Jims in the band, their bassist suggested Ure say his backwards, and he became ‘Mij’, which in time became ‘Midge’, and stuck for the rest of his life. They became the house band at Glasgow discothèque Clouds, where they would perform cover versions.
In April 1974 Kevin McGinlay left Salvation to pursue a solo career. Ure assumed singing duties while remaining as guitarist. That November they became Slik. They signed with Polydor and adopted pseudonyms – Ure was already Midge, Hyslop became Oil Slik, McGinlay was Jim Slik and McIsaac was now Lord Slik. Slik suited up to live up to their name, and ditched glam rock to work with pop songwriters Bill Martin and Phil Coulter. Together the duo had scored three number 1s over the years with Sandie Shaw, Cliff Richard and the England 1970 World Cup squad. Their most recent group to benefit from their skills was the Bay City Rollers, and very well they were doing too.
Slik didn’t initially have the same success. Debut single Boogiest Band in Town on Polydor in 1975 got nowhere. So they ditched the suits and, for some reason, swapped them for baseball shirts, probably to try and break the US. They also signed with Bell Records. Interestingly, Ure has claimed in the past that he was approached by Malcolm McClaren to be the singer of the Sex Pistols.
Forever and Ever had originally been released by the pop group Kenny earlier that year on their album The Sound of Super K. It’s worth noting that their version is almost as odd as Slik’s, it just isn’t as well produced and is lacking bounce. Unlike their hit The Bump.
I can still recall the first time I saw this on a BBC Four repeat of Top of the Pops. It blew my mind. Who the hell decided the opening section should insinuate we were about to hear some proggy, concept single or Black sabbath style metal obscurity? Considering Kenny and Slik’s version starts the same way, it must have been Martin and Coulter’s idea. It had me on the edge of my seat. I thought I was about to be treated to a forgotten surreal masterpiece. How the hell did this get to number 1? And is that really Midge Ure singing it? Thinking about it though, did this idea of an atmospheric opening help inspire Vienna?
Once the verses switch to the chorus, it becomes apparent how it got to number 1. It sounds like a Bay City Rollers reject, and it was. I’m all for schizophrenic singles, but the transition here is far from seamless, and although the chorus is catchy, as soon as it begins, my interest dissipates until the next verse. But I am an awkward sod. If I was whoever Ure is singing to here, I’d stay well away. He’s clearly assumed the role of a schizophrenic.
Slik, Martin and Coulter tried to repeat their surprise success with the follow-up Requiem, but only got to 24. This wasn’t helped by Ure being injured in a car accident which forced the band to cancel promotional appearances. Their eponymous LP soon followed, but didn’t even dent the top 40. In March 1977 Jim McGinlay left to be replaced by Russell Webb for Slik’s final tour dates. Desperate to ride the next musical wave, they changed their name to PVC2 and became a punk band. Only one single was released though, Ure’s Put You in the Picture, and it didn’t chart. They split up that September, with Ure joining The Rich Kids, former Sex Pistol Glen Matlock’s new band. More on them when we get to Ultravox.
As for the rest of Slik, Webb, Hyslop and McIsaac added Alex Harvey’s cousin Willie Gardner to their group and became Zones. They made one album, Under Influence, released in 1979, but they then split. Webb and Hyslop joined The Skids. McIsaac left the music business but made a return in the 90s with the Billy McIsaac Band.
Weirdly, this is the first of two songs called Forever and Ever to reach number 1 in 1976, as Demi Roussos achieved the same accolade when an EP featuring his song topped the charts that summer.
Written & produced by: Bill Martin & Phil Coulter
Weeks at number 1: 1 (14-20 February)
Births:
The Darkness drummer Ed Graham – 20 February
Meanwhile…
19 February: Iceland breaks off diplomatic relations with the UK over the Cod War.
In 1974, ABBA looked ready to go huge. They’d won Eurovision with Waterloo, and then… not a lot happened. It looked likely that Agnetha Fältskog, Björn Ulvaeus, Benny Andersson, and Anni-Frid Lyngstad were to become one-hit wonders. But 1976 proved the doubters wrong.
So what did happen in the two years inbetween Waterloo and Mamma Mia? Well, ABBA’s UK record label didn’t help matters. They decided to follow up their Eurovision smash with a remix of Ring Ring, whereas elsewhere, Honey, Honey did pretty well, including reaching two in Germany. Ring Ring didn’t even enter the top 30, whereas a cover of Honey, Honey by Sweet Dreams went to 10.
November 1974 saw them embark on their first European tour, but most venues didn’t sell out and some dates even had to be cancelled. Around that time they released So Long as a single but it didn’t chart. It was followed in mid-1975 by I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do, I Do. It didn’t. Although it reached the top five in many European countries, it scaled the lofty heights of 38 in the UK.
Fortunately, things picked up after that. Their eponymous third studio album was released in April and hit number 13, and their next single SOS went to six. And rightly so – it’s one of their best.
Mamma Mia was the final track to be recorded for ABBA but would be the LP’s opener. It had been written at Ulvaeus and Fältskog’s home, and never intended as a single. It was even offered to Brotherhood of Man, soon to become Eurovision winners themselves, but they turned it down. Which is rather ironic when you consider they would completely rip off Fernando with their number 1 Angelo in 1977. In addition to Agnetha, Anni-Frid, Björn and Benny, it featured session musicians Janne Schafer on guitar, Mike Watson on bass and Roger Palm on drums. That distinctive and memorable sound you hear tick-rocking in the opening was a marimba, which was incorporated at the last minute when Andersson found one in the studio and rightly thought it could work well.
As I stated in my blog for Waterloo, I’m far from ABBA’s biggest fan, and was turned off by them in general for many years, but there are exceptions to my rule. Where does Mamma Mia rate in my opinion? Well, it’s chock full of hooks and an excellent introduction to the songwriting of Andersson and Ulvaeus, featuring bittersweet lyrics set to an upbeat sound. While it can work well to use sad lyrics in a happy song, and it’s something ABBA would excel at, I’m not sure it works so well here. The girls are singing about being ‘cheated by you since I don’t know when’ and have had it happen so many times, it’s over. They don’t sound particularly cut up about that. However, you can rightly point out that love isn’t that simple, and as we discover, ‘just one look’ is all it takes to forget all the bad times, and bring the good rushing back. Such is love. Does ‘Mamma Mia’ sufficiently encapsulate the power of that love? It’s no ‘A-wop-bop-a-loo-bop, A-lop-bam-boom!’, that’s for sure, and was perhaps a placeholder that they decided to keep, with deadlines approaching.
Ultimately for me, despite its good points, Mamma Mia makes me think of the ‘cheesy’ aspects of ABBA that used to turn me off. They still sound a little ‘Eurovision’ here, and while I’m quite partial to a bit of cheese, and the guitar sound is a nice throwback to the glam they would soon ditch, I’m not fussed about hearing this song ever again. But I know I will, such is its ubiquity.
Mamma Mia was released in Australia in August, and spent 10 weeks at number 1. Epic went full steam ahead on promotion this time around in the UK, and it paid off. They filmed a video that’s proved to be an enduring image of the group – the girls and Ulvaeus dressed flamboyantly in white against a white backdrop, with Andersson tickling the ivories. You can see it in the link above.
It’s appropriate that future legends Queen, after nine weeks at the top, could only be defeated by another band that would in time be one of the biggest in the world. Even more appropriate when you consider that Bohemian Rhapsody contained the lyric ‘Mamma mia’ in the opera section.
And of course, there’s the fact both bands have had musicals and films named after their songs. ABBA got there first, with the theatre show Mamma Mia! hitting the stage in 1999, followed by the cinema adaptation in 2008. I’ve seen enough clips of the film, starring Meryl Streep and Colin Firth, to know that I would be physically ill if I was ever made to sit through it in full.
Written by: Benny Andersson, Stig Anderson & Björn Ulvaeus
Produced & arranged by: Benny Andersson & Björn Ulvaeus
Weeks at number 1: 2 (31 January-13 February)
Births:
Swimmer James Hickman – 2 February Actress Keeley Hawes – 10 February
Deaths:
Actor Charlie Naughton – 11 February Philosopher John Lewis – 12 February
Meanwhile…
2 February: The Queen opened the National Exhibition Centre in Birmingham.
4–15 February: Great Britain and northern Ireland competed at the Winter Olympics in Innsbruck, Austria. They only win one gold medal, on 11 February, when John Curry won the figure skating competition.
Paul Simon was the brains behind Simon & Garfunkel’s impressive catalogue of folk and pop, including 1970 number 1 Bridge over Troubled Water. He continued to have success after they split, but it was Art Garfunkel who scored not one but two solo number 1s.
You can find a profile of the duo in the blog I linked to above, but I’ll briefly touch on Garfunkel’s early years here. Arthur Ira Garfunkel was born 5 November 1941 in New York City. He was of Romanian Jewish descent. His love of singing began in first grade, and he would often sing in synagogue. His father later bought him a wire recorder and he would spend his afternoons singing, recording, and playing it back to listen for flaws and learn how to improve. Such was his obsession, he performed for four hours at his bar mitzvah in 1954. It was in sixth grade that Garfunkel first crossed paths with Simon, in a production of Alice in Wonderland, and Simon apparently first became interested in singing after hearing Garfunkel in a school talent show.
Between 1956 and 1962 they recorded together as Tom & Jerry, but Garfunkel released his first solo record, Beat Love, in 1959, under the name Artie Garr. When he and Simon graduated, he went to Columbia University, becoming heavily involved in sports and a capella group the Columbia Kingsmen.
Simon & Garfunkel reformed in 1963, and the rest is history, and in my blog on them. But it’s also worth noting that although Simon wrote everything, Garfunkel did get involved in productions. He also wrote the Canticle in Scarborough Fair/Canticle, would work out how the material would be sung, and was credited with the arrangement on The Boxer.
After the break-up in 1970, Garfunkel avoided music for three years. He starred in two Mike Nichols films – Catch-22 (1970) and Carnal Knowledge (1971). He then spent 1971 to 1972 teaching geometry in Connecticut. But following a greatest hits album and a one-off reunion with Simon at a benefit concert for presidential candidate George McGovern, he decided to go solo.
Garfunkel’s debut solo LP, Angel Clare, was released in 1973. Co-produced by the singer and Simon & Garfunkel producer Roy Halee, it featured covers of material by Van Morrison, Jimmy Webb and Randy Newman. Simon contributed guitar on one track, and it also featured Jerry Garcia and JJ Cale on guitars, plus members of The Wrecking Crew including Hal Blaine. A single from it, Webb’s All I Know, was a big hit in the US, reaching nine.
I Only Have Eyes for You was the first material to be lifted from Garfunkel’s forthcoming second album Breakaway. Another album of mostly contemporary covers, this single was unusual in that the song dated further back. It was written by multi-Oscar winner Harry Warren and lyricist Al Dubin for the 1934 musical movie Dames. The most famous version came from influential doo-wop group The Flamingos in 1959.
You can’t really go wrong combining as beautiful a song as this with the always-lovely singing of Garfunkel. And with a lush production from Richard Perry (who produced Without You), it’s a song you can wrap yourself in like a warm blanket. Having said that, it might not be to everyone’s taste. Some may find it overdone and too schmaltzy, and if so, they’d likely prefer the version by The Flamingos. I’ve got room in my heart for both though.
This version seems to be mostly forgotten in 2020 – indeed, until now I had assumed Garfunkel had only scored a number 1 with Bright Eyes. Perhaps because The Flamingos version has such a reputation for being a classic. But it’s worth your time, particularly if you like Simon & Garfunkel.
Written by: Al Dubin & Harry Warren
Producer: Richard Perry
Strings and horns arranged & conducted by: Del Newman
Weeks at number 1: 2 (25 October-7 November)
Births:
Novelist Zadie Smith – 27 October
Deaths:
Royal Air Force officer Frederick Charles Victor Laws – 27 October
Meanwhile…
30 October: West Yorkshire Police launch a murder investigation when 28-year-old prostitute Wilma McCann is found dead in Chapeltown, Leeds.
6 November: A pub rock group called Bazooka Joe performed at Saint Martins College. Their support band were performing for the first time. They were called Sex Pistols.
Since David Essex’s first number 1, Gonna Make You a Star, he had, with the help of producer Jeff Wayne, remained a top 10 mainstay. His next single Stardust was the theme to the sequel to the film That’ll Be the Day (1973). In Stardust, as before, Essex was the lead, playing wannabe pop star Jim MacLaine. This time his rise and fall took place through the 60s and early-70s. It’s not a bad song, but tries too hard to recapture the lightning-in-a-bottle magic of Rock On. Stardust reached seven in the singles chart, and the film, released in October 1974, did well, but Essex felt it was inferior to That’ll Be the Day.
Next, Essex and Wayne set to work on a concept album of sorts. All the Fun of the Fair was a schizophrenic collection which touched upon Essex’s fascination with fairs as a child. Among the album’s personnel was session guitarist extraordinaire Chris Spedding, who had featured on the number 1 Barbados, and soul group The Real Thing, who would soon go from supporting Essex to having a number 1 in their own right with You to Me Are Everything. First single Rolling Stone went to five.
Ironically, Hold Me Close, which became Essex’s second and last number 1, was almost an afterthought in production. With record label executives waiting in the studio reception to hear the album in full, Essex banged out two vocal takes, and the mix was made in only half an hour.
This information perhaps explains one of the problems with Hold Me Close. Now, Essex was a proper bona fide working-class Londoner, but he definitely played up to stereotypes and laid on the friendly cockney schtick too much at times on this vocal. And that, combined with Wayne’s cheesy production, makes this number 1 seem light years away from the edginess of Rock On. Essex’s transformation to light entertainment star was complete. Which, knowing now that the LP this comes from was all over the place stylistically, is a shame. Mind you, Essex, still popular all these years later, is probably fine with that. He’s very likeable, and despite my criticism, I can’t dislike Hold Me Close too much. It’s good at what it is.
Soon after this, Essex’s chart sales tailed off somewhat, although Oh What a Circus reached three in 1978. But he did take on a role in the original theatre run of Andrew Lloyd Webber’s Evita. It was also the year he appeared as the Artilleryman on Wayne’s huge concept double album, Jeff Wayne’s Musical Version of The War of the Worlds, an idea the producer had been working on for years. Now a star in his own right, Wayne went on to be a prolific writer of music for TV, including the TV-AM and Good Morning Britain themes of the 80s. The War of the Worlds has spawned a remake and a theatre show.
The 80s started off well for Essex with a lead role in motor-racing film Silver Dream Racer (1980) and a song from it, Silver Dream Racer (Part 1) motoring to number four. In 1982 his seasonal single A Winter’s Tale did very well, reaching two in January. It’s been a festive favourite ever since. Tahiti, in 1983, is his last hit to date, reaching eight. As his music slowed, his theatre and TV roles were increasing, and Tahiti came from the West End show Mutiny!, which he co-wrote and starred in. He was the lead in BBC One’s gentle 1988 sitcom The River, which I enjoyed as a nine-year-old but I dare say it won’t have aged well.
Essex was still releasing albums to mixed degrees of success throughout the 90s, and rounded off the millennium with an OBE in 1999. He played a kind-hearted nomad in an episode of Heartbeat in 2000, a subject close to his heart due to his gypsy roots. He had been Patron of Britain’s National Gypsy Council before moving to the US.
In 2005 he was a guest vocalist on dance group St Etienne’s album Tales from the Turnpike House, and was due to join the cast of EastEnders in 2006 but couldn’t fit the time needed into his schedule. He eventually joined the soap in 2011 as Eddie Moon for several months. 2008 was a big year for Essex, with the stage debut of his jukebox musical All the Fun of the Fair, based on his back catalogue. It had a West End run two years later. In 2013 he starred in and wrote the score for Traveller, a film in which his real-life son Billy Cook played a half-gypsy searching for his true identity. Now aged 73, Essex still has that boyish smile that charmed so many in the 70s and beyond. Rock on.
Written by: David Essex
Producer: Jeff Wayne
Weeks at number 1: 3 (4-24 October)
Births:
Actress Kate Winslet- 5 October Actor Joe McFadden – 9 October
Deaths:
Historian Arnold J Toynbee – 22 October
Meanwhile…
9 October: The IRA strike again. An explosion outside Green Park tube station near Piccadilly in London kills one person and injures 20.
13 October: Motorcycle producer Norton Villers in Wolverhampton closes down due to bankruptcy.
23 October: Another IRA bomb, this time intended for Conservative MP Sir Hugh Fraser, kills oncologist Gordon Hamilton Fairley.
1975 was a pivotal year for Rod Stewart. He switched labels, left the UK, released this, his most popular of six number 1s, and lost his bandmates when Faces split. He became a superstar, and lost credibility at the same time.
Such was Stewart’s popularity when his previous chart-topper, You Wear It Well was released in 1972, his uncredited appearance on Python Jackson’s In a Broken Dream soared to number three. The album Never a Dull Moment spawned number four hit What’s Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me). In 1973, Faces recorded their final album Ooh La La. It wasn’t supposed to be, but tensions made it so. Stewart didn’t turn up for the first few weeks of recording, then complained the songs were in the wrong key, leaving the band to re-record them. The title track, a classic, was made three times before Stewart eventually passed it to guitarist Ronnie Wood.
In the meantime, Stewart’s solo career was still holding firm, with a medley of Farewell/Bring It On Home to Me/You Send Me reaching seven in 1974. I also have to mention the best song title I’ve seen in a while, also from that year – You Can Make Me Dance, Sing or Anything (Even Take the Dog for a Walk, Mend a Fuse, Fold Away the Ironing Board, or Any Other Domestic Shortcomings. This was the final single by Rod Stewart and Stewart. Note that billing. Either the record label knew the singer now had more pulling power, or he insisted on it himself.
In 1975, Stewart left Mercury Records and signed with Warner Bros. and decided to leave England with his girlfriend Britt Ekland (lucky bugger) for Los Angeles, in order to avoid paying 83% tax on his earnings. With a bigger budget, Stewart ditched his colleagues to work with famous producer Tom Dowd and the legendary Muscle Shoals musicians in Alabama. Cleverly, the LP was named Atlantic Crossing. On Ekland’s suggestion, the album was sequenced to have a slow side and a fast side.
It’s likely that Stewart may have suggested he cover Sailing to tie in with the theme of travelling to a new country. The fact it’s a cover was a surprise to me, and it’s original meaning wasn’t so literal either. It was written by Gavin Sutherland, one half of folk duo The Sutherland Brothers. It was released as a single in July 1972, and was a more haunting affair than the better-known cover. Featuring Gavin on bass drum and Iain on harmonium, it was intended as representing one man’s Celtic spiritual journey to freedom. Deep. If you like the gist of Sailing but find Stewart’s too overblown, it’s worth a try. Stewart became aware of The Sutherland Brothers the year their single came out and apparently they even co-wrote two songs with him intended for Atlantic Crossing but they never saw the light of day.
Stewart, despite his confidence, always needed a drink or two back then to record his vocals. So he was in for a shock when Dowd rang his hotel room at 10am telling him the backing track was ready so he had to go sing it ASAP. And so he found himself recording, stone-cold sober, at an ungodly hour for any musician, for the first time. And in front of world-famous musicians, to boot. But he loosened up enough to get it in six or seven takes, he later recalled. The choir were put together by Bob Crewe, a writer and producer for The Four Seasons.
Sailing seems to be a song you either love or hate when it comes to Stewart. As he moved into the big league, Stewart ditched the folk sound and the lyrical talent displayed on previous number 1s Maggie May and You Wear It Well. He used to have a great way of making the characters in his songs relatable and more human than your average songwriter. From here on in, he started to become mainly interested in covering other people’s material and showing off his famously gravelly voice. I may perhaps be over-generalising though, as The Killing of Georgie (Parts I and II) was still a year away.
As for me, I neither love nor hate it. It’s inferior to the songs I’ve just mentioned, and yes it’s overlong and overblown, but there was far worse to come. Nice guitar sound during the solo too. Perhaps you had to be there at the time to really feel it an overfamiliar dirge. And with four weeks at number 1, followed by almost repeating the feat a year later when it was used as the theme tune to Sailor, a BBC One documentary series on the Ark Royal, it was certainly a familiar song back then.
Sailing has sold over a million and became one of Stewart’s signature songs. Two videos were made. The first, from 1975, also starred Ekland, and the second, in which he dons a sailor outfit and looks all wistful at New York, was made in 1978 and became one of the first videos to be shown on MTV. You can see it above. It became a popular tune during the Falklands conflict, and was re-released in 1987 to raise money for charity following the Herald of Free enterprise disaster. Whichever version you prefer, you cannot argue that it was Stewart who made it the anthem it’s known as to this day.
Written by: Gavin Sutherland
Producer: Tom Dowd
Weeks at number 1: 4 (6 September-3 October)
Births:
Football player Richard Appleby – 18 September Radio DJ Chris Hawkins – 23 September Presenter Declan Donnelly – 25 September
Deaths:
Nobel Prize laureate George Paget Thomson – 10 September
Meanwhile…
19 September: John Cleese’s classic sitcom Fawlty Towers debuted on BBC Two.
24 September: Douglas Haston and Doug Scott became the first British people to climb Mount Everest.
27 September: York’s National Railway Museum became the first national museum outside London.
28 September–3 October – The Spaghetti House siege, in which nine people are taken as hostages at the Spaghetti House restaurant , takes place in London.
Here’s a number 1 that is very 1975. Typically Tropical’s Barbados combines two of the decade’s crazes in the UK – the package holiday, and political incorrectness – earning itself the status of a summer smash. Holidays overseas were getting ever cheaper, resulting in songs like Y Viva Espana by Sylvia Vrethammar becoming huge, and controversial sitcom Love Thy Neighbour, about a black couple moving next door to a racist, was an ITV mainstay.
Typically Tropical were two Welsh audio engineers, Jeff Calvert and Max West, who worked at Morgan Studios. Based in Willesden Green, London, Morgan was used by some of the biggest stars of the 70s, including Paul McCartney and Pink Floyd. In 1974 Calvert had returned from a holiday in Jamaica, and felt inspired. He and Hughes penned Barbados in two hours, sitting down with a piano and a guitar before heading to Morgan to put a demo together. On the strength of that demo they signed a three-single deal with Gull Records, and Barbados was to be the first.
They became Typically Tropical and recorded a proper version, using a fine roll call of session musicians, including guitarists Chris Spedding and Vic Flick, legendary drummer Clem Cattini (been a while since we’ve heard of him) and Blue Mink’s Max West and Roger Coulam on keyboards.
Oh dear. If you’re equipped with the knowledge that the people behind this are two white Welshmen pretending to be black, it makes it pretty hard to stomach. Talk about racial stereotyping… the intro begins with ‘Captain Tobias Willcock welcoming you aboard Coconut Airways Flight 372’… The song is sung from the point of view of a Brixton bus driver who can’t wait to be back on the island, reunited with his girlfriend ‘Mary Jane’. It’s a joke about ganja, get it? You know, because he’s black? Awful.
What can I say in its favour? Well it’s a decent tune, so much so, it went to number 1 again when the Dutch Eurodance outfit Vengaboys reworked it into We’re Going to Ibiza! in 1999. I expect you’re more likely to hear that than Barbados on the radio anymore as it’s more PC, and that’s certainly fair enough. If it wasn’t for the stereotyping, I’d actually prefer Barbados, as I couldn’t stand the Vengaboys at the time.
On the strength of reaching number 1, Typically Tropical made the album Barbados Sky. Two singles came from it, Rocket Now and Everybody Plays the Fool but they failed to chart. They also released songs as Captain Zero, Calvert & West and Black Rod between 1975 and 1979, but they sank too. They did however score a hit when they wrote Sarah Brightman’s I Lost My Heart to a Starship Trooper in 1978.
Written & produced by: Jeffrey Calvert & Max West
Arranged by: Max West
Weeks at number 1: 1 (9-15 August)
Meanwhile…
14 August: Hampstead entered the UK weather records with the highest 155-min total rainfall at 169mm.
15 August: Olive Smelt, a 46-year-old woman from Halifax, is severely injured in a hammer attack in an alleyway.
In the summer of 75, Bay City Rollers were the biggest band in the UK. Their cover of The Four Seasons’ Bye Bye Baby had become the biggest seller of the year, they had their own ITV series, Shang-a-Lang, and ‘Rollermania’ was considered the new ‘Beatlemania’. There was one more number 1 to come.
Give a Little Love was penned by Johnny Goodison and Phil Wainman. Goodison had been a member of The Brotherhood of Man’s original line-up in 1969 until 1971, and Wainman was a former colleague of Nicky Chinn and Mike Chapman, producing many of their hits including The Sweet’s number 1 Block Buster !. They conjured up an anthem for their loyal fans to hold their tartan scarfs aloft and sway away to.
By starting Give a Little Love with ‘It’s a teenage dream to be 17/And to find you’re all wrapped up in lo-o-ove’, Goodison and Wainman are ensuring every adoring teenage girl feels like singer Les McKeown is speaking directly to them about their love of the Rollers. The whole song is a love letter to the fans and I can imagine tears being shed to this one at live shows. It’s OK as far as this sort of thing goes, but it goes on a bit, and the single version is strangely missing the strings that were included in the album version – did this get rush-released to capitalise on Bye Bye Baby?
Bay City Rollers capped off the end of their peak year with the album Wouldn’t You Like It?, featuring the superior string-laden version of this single, and non-album track Love Me Like I Love You climbed to four. With the UK theirs, they next looked to repeat their fame in the US with the help of Clive Davis, head of Arista. It paid off in early 1976 when Saturday Night, a UK single from 1973, reached 1 on the Billboard Hot 100. However, the pressures of megastardom took their toll on bassist Alan Longmuir, one of the original members of the band. He was replaced by 17-year-old Ian Mitchell from Northern Ireland, the first non-Scottish member. Money Honey and a cover of Dusty Springfield’s I Only Want to Be with You were huge hits in the UK, peaking at three and four respectively.
From 1977, the fortunes of the Rollers faded. It’s a Game reached 16, but You Made Me Believe in Magic only just scraped into the UK top 40, and it was their last single to do so here and in the US. Mitchell quit and was replaced by Pat McGlynn, and there were arguments over the band’s future direction. They worked with Harry Maslin, a producer for David Bowie, but it didn’t work out.
At the end of 1978, McKeown quit and manager Tam Paton was fired. They decided to become a new wave band, and became simply the Rollers. South African Duncan Faure became the new singer. But they couldn’t come close to the fame they had in the mid-70s, and called it a day in 1981. In 1982 Paton was convicted of gross indecency with two teenage boys aged 16 and 17.
The inevitable reunions with shifting line-ups soon began and continued throughout the 80s and 90s. 1999 saw the classic line-up of McKeown, Alan Longmuir (Derek declined), Stuart ‘Woody’ Wood and Eric Faulkner performed on the final New Year’s Eve of the millennium outside Edinburgh Castle. Paton found himself in the news several times in the last few years of his life as further allegations of his predatory past came to light. He was arrested for child sexual abuse charges in 2003 but they were later dropped, and he was also accused of trying to rape McGlynn in a hotel room in 1977, but it was decided there was insufficient evidence. Original singer Gordon ‘Nobby’ Clark claimed in 2016 that Paton had urged the band to have sex with paedophile Radio 1 DJ Chris Denning. Paton died in 2009 of a suspected heart attack.
In 2007 the ‘classic’ line-up of the group plus Faure announced a lawsuit against Arista for ‘tens of millions’ in unpaid royalties. But their move was delayed by a 2010 lawsuit by Clark, Mitchell and McGlynn against the band. It took until 2016 for the original case to be decided, with an out-of-court settlement in which parent company Sony Music awarded each member £70,000.
The latest incarnation of the Bay City Rollers began in 2018, which includes Wood. Alan Longmuir died in 2018 after falling ill while on holiday in Mexico, and Mitchell died in 2020 from throat cancer.
Written & produced by: Johnny Goodison & Phil Wainman
Weeks at number 1: 3 (19 July-8 August)
Births:
Artist Graham Nicholls – 30 July Radio DJ Stephanie Hirst – 31 July
Deaths:
Labour MP Jim Griffiths – 7 August
Meanwhile…
19 July: Hatton Cross tube station was opened, completing the first phase of the extension of the London Underground’s Piccadilly line to Heathrow Airport.
1 August: The Government’s anti-inflation policy came into full effect. During the year, inflation reached 24.2% – the second-highest recorded level since records began in 1750, and the highest since 1800.
Every UK Number 1 